Tuberculoma

                                                           Tuberculoma

Multiple Intracranial tuberculomas

Cerebral tuberculomas are a rare and serious form of tuberculosis (TB) due to the hematogenous spread of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MT). 

A tuberculoma is a clinical manifestation of tuberculosis which conglomerates tubercles into a firm lump, and so can mimic cancer tumors of many types in medical imaging studies. Since these are evolutions of primary complex, the tuberculomas may contain within caseum or calcifications.

An unusual incidence of tuberculosis in different parts of the body is called tuberculomas. The rate of brain tuberculosis is rare.

A tuberculoma is a clinical manifestation of tuberculosis  which conglomerates tubercles into a firm lump, and so can mimic cancer, tumors of many types in medical imaging  studies. Since these are evolutions of primary complex, the tuberculomas may contain within caseum  or calcifications.
With the passage of time mycobacterium tuberculosis can transform into crystals of calcium. These can affect any organ such as the brain,  intestine, ovaries,  breast, lungs, esophagus, liver, pancreas, bones,  and many others.
As the histologic and clinical indications, as well as tumor markers such as the CA-125 , are similar, it is often difficult to differentiate tuberculoma from cancer. For these reasons, tuberculosis should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of cancer.
Tuberculoma is commonly treated through the HRZE drug. combination (Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol) followed by maintenance therapy.

 Almost all tuberculomas of the brain, irrespective of their size, can be cured by medical treatment.

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